Coombs test in Vijayawada

Coombs Test in Vijayawada

The combs test, or antiglobulin test, is a diagnostic tool used to identify antibodies targeting red blood cell surfaces. It plays a crucial role in immunohematology, helping to detect immune-related conditions affecting red blood cells.

At Medifyhome Vijayawada, we prioritize your health by delivering accurate results quickly. A positive test, indicated by agglutination, suggests the presence of antibodies or complement proteins causing immune-mediated hemolysis. With convenient locations and easy appointments, Medifyhome ensures your healthcare journey is smooth and reliable.

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What is the Coombs test?

The coombs test, also called the antiglobulin test, is used to identify antibodies that attach to red blood cells and cause their destruction. It plays a key role in direct antiglobulin test (DAT), which detects antibodies or complement proteins on the bloodstream. These tests help diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease in newborns, transfusion reactions, and ensure blood compatibility for transfusions.

Symptoms

Abnormal paleness or lack of colour of the skin.
Yellowish skin, eyes, and mouth (jaundice)
Dark-colored urine.
Fever.
Weakness.
Dizziness.
Confusion.
Can’t handle physical activity.

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Why is the Coombs test performed?

The combs test helps diagnose conditions where the immune system destroys red blood cells, such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, hemolytic disease in newborns. It helps identify transfusion reactions, checks blood compatibility, and is used in prenatal care to detect harmful antibodies in a pregnant woman’s blood that could affect the baby. This test aids in managing immune-related blood disorders.

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Procedure for Coombs Test:

Direct Coombs Test (DCT):
Blood sample collection.
Separation and washing of red blood cells.
Addition of Coombs reagent.
Observation of agglutination.
Indirect Coombs Test (ICT):
Blood sample collection.
Separation of serum from blood.
Mixing serum with test red blood cells.
Incubation of the mixture.
Washing of red blood cells.
Addition of Coombs reagent.
Observation of agglutination.

Key problems that can be determined by doing the Coombs Test

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA):
Role: Essential for diagnosing AIHA, where antibodies mistakenly attack RBCs, leading to anemia.
Test Type: Direct Coombs Test (DCT) identifies antibodies bound to RBCs.
Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN):
Role: Screens for maternal antibodies against fetal RBCs, which can cause severe jaundice and anemia in newborns.
Test Type: Indirect Coombs Test (ICT) detects maternal antibodies in blood serum.
Blood Transfusion Compatibility:
Role: Determines compatibility between donor and recipient blood to prevent transfusion reactions.
Test Type: ICT identifies antibodies in recipient plasma that could react with transfused RBCs.
Evaluation of Drug-Induced Hemolytic Anemia:
Role: Identifies antibodies triggered by drugs that attack RBCs, causing anemia.
Test Type: DCT detects antibodies attached to RBCs.
RBC Autoantibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Other Autoimmune Diseases:
Role: Detects autoantibodies against RBCs, contributing to anemia in autoimmune conditions.
Test Type: DCT identifies antibodies on the patient’s RBCs.
Detection of Alloimmune Disorders:
Role: Screens for antibodies that develop after exposure to foreign RBC antigens, such as during multiple transfusions or transplants.
Test Type: Both DCT and ICT are used depending on clinical context.
Diagnosis of Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH):
Role: Identifies cold-reactive antibodies that cause transient RBC destruction, often triggered by cold exposure.
Test Type: DCT detects IgG antibodies on RBCs.
Evaluation of Hemolytic Anemias of Unknown Origin:
Role: Assists in identifying the underlying cause of hemolytic anemia when other tests are inconclusive.
Test Type: DCT helps confirm autoimmune etiology.
Monitoring Response to Treatment in AIHA and HDN:
Role: Tracks changes in antibody levels and RBC destruction post-treatment.
Test Type: Sequential Coombs tests (DCT and ICT) are used to assess treatment efficacy.
Prevention and Management in Pregnant Women with Rh Incompatibility:
Role: Screens Rh-negative mothers for antibodies against Rh-positive fetal RBCs to prevent HDN.
Test Type: ICT identifies antibodies in maternal serum.

Why Choose Medifyhome for a Coombs Test?

Medifyhome provides reliable, at-home Coombs testing in Vijayawada, ensuring comfort, accuracy, affordability, and expert care with strict medical standards and ongoing support.

Convenient at-home Coombs testing for comfort and minimal disruption.
Ideal for individuals valuing privacy or facing mobility challenges.
Skilled professionals using top-quality equipment and strict medical standards.
Safe, considerate care with clear pricing and ongoing support.
Reliable, affordable, and patient-focused diagnostic services.
Accessible healthcare with expert care in Vijayawada.

FAQs

What is the purpose of the Coombs test?

The Coombs test detects antibodies that can destroy red blood cells, crucial for diagnosing conditions like autoimmune hemolytic anemia and ensuring safe transfusions.

Who should get a Coombs test?

Individuals experiencing anemia symptoms, those with transfusion reactions, pregnant women at risk of Rh incompatibility, and newborns with jaundice or anemia might need the test.

What happens if the Coombs test is positive?

A positive result prompts further medical discussions and may lead to additional tests, treatments, or management procedures tailored to the condition detected.

Does Coombs test require fasting?

You don’t need to fast before giving your blood sample unless your doctor specifically mentions it for a Coombs test as this does not affect the results in most cases.